Friday, May 31, 2013

Glencore says three South Africa chrome mines hit by wildcat strikes

JOHANNESBURG (Reuters) - Glencore Xstrata Plc said on Thursday three of its chrome mines in South Africa were at a standstill after up to 1,500 workers embarked on an illegal strike this week.

The dispute at the mines near Steelpoort, northeast of Johannesburg in the Limpopo province, adds to long-running friction in the mining industry that has caused production to slow, raised concerns about Africa's largest economy and sent the rand to new four-year lows.

"The strike started on Tuesday and all three mines are not in operation," said Glencore Xstrata chrome spokesman Christopher Tsatsawane. "We have dismissed 200 employees at Helena mine after they failed to return to work after three ultimatums."

He said more employees could be dismissed. Final ultimatums were yet to be issued to strikers at its Magareng and Thorncliffe mines.

Tsatsawane said the workers, most of whom belong to the militant Association of Mineworkers and Construction Union (AMCU), had stopped work in solidarity with an individual who claims he was assaulted by a shift supervisor.

Dismissal of workers is not likely to go down well with trade unions, already embroiled in a turf war and on the brink of biennial wage negotiations.

South Africa, home to around 75 percent of the world's chromite reserves, has become a flashpoint of violent labor strife as AMCU and the dominant National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) battle for members.

(Reporting by Sherilee Lakmidas; editing by Ed Stoddard)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/glencore-says-three-south-africa-chrome-mines-hit-131122361.html

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There's Finally a Way to Keep Robots From Walking Like Toddlers

As impressive as Honda's Asimo robot is, it still walks like a small child perpetually taking its first careful steps. So to ensure that one day robots will be able to fight our wars, clean our homes, and dominate us at sports, researchers at the Humanoid Robotics Institute at Waseda University have redesigned their robot's lower legs to function more naturally like a human's.

Read more...

    


Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/Uvrcw88t_zg/theres-finally-a-way-to-keep-robots-from-walking-like-510672220

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How to Turn Burning Gas Into a Lamp Without Blowing Yourself Up

How to Turn Burning Gas Into a Lamp Without Blowing Yourself Up

If you were a coal miner in the early 1800s, the light you used was an openflame oil lamp?even though mines were sometimes filled with "fire-damp," a volatile mixiture of air and methane gas. Explosions were inevitable, and at times, threw bodies from mine shafts like grapeshot from a cannon. Humphry Davy became a national hero when, in 1815, he found a remedy: Surround the lamp flame with mosquito screen.

Read more...

    


Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/0h30LcxA7bQ/how-to-turn-burning-gas-into-a-lamp-without-blowing-you-510373053

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Arvind Mahankali, 13, wins National Spelling Bee

Arvind Mahankali, 13, of Bayside Hills, N.Y., holds the championship trophy after he won the National Spelling Bee by spelling the word "knaidel" correctly on Thursday, May 30, 2013, in Oxon Hill, Md. (AP Photo/Evan Vucci)

Arvind Mahankali, 13, of Bayside Hills, N.Y., holds the championship trophy after he won the National Spelling Bee by spelling the word "knaidel" correctly on Thursday, May 30, 2013, in Oxon Hill, Md. (AP Photo/Evan Vucci)

Arvind Mahankali, 13, of Bayside Hills, N.Y., watches as confetti falls after he won the National Spelling Bee by spelling the word "knaidel" correctly on Thursday, May 30, 2013, in Oxon Hill, Md. (AP Photo/Evan Vucci)

Arvind Mahankali, 13, of Bayside Hills, N.Y., is congratulated by his mother Bhavani, as confetti falls after he won the National Spelling Bee by spelling the word "knaidel" correctly on Thursday, May 30, 2013, in Oxon Hill, Md. (AP Photo/Evan Vucci)

Arvind Mahankali, 13, of Bayside Hills, N.Y., is congratulated by his mother Bhavani, as confetti falls after he won the National Spelling Bee by spelling the word "knaidel" correctly on Thursday, May 30, 2013, in Oxon Hill, Md. (AP Photo/Evan Vucci)

Arvind Mahankali, 13, of Bayside Hills, N.Y., holds the championship trophy after he won the National Spelling Bee by spelling the word "knaidel" correctly on Thursday, May 30, 2013, in Oxon Hill, Md. (AP Photo/Evan Vucci)

OXON HILL, Md. (AP) ? After years of heartbreakingly close calls, Arvind Mahankali conquered his nemesis, German, to become the champion speller in the English language.

The 13-year-old from Bayside Hills, N.Y., correctly spelled "knaidel," a word for a small mass of leavened dough, to win the 86th Scripps National Spelling Bee on Thursday night. The bee tested brain power, composure and, for the first time, knowledge of vocabulary.

Arvind finished in third place in both 2011 and 2012, and both times, he was eliminated on German-derived words. This time, he got one German word in the finals, and the winning word was from German-derived Yiddish, eliciting groans and laughter from the crowd. He spelled both with ease.

"The German curse has turned into a German blessing," he said.

Arvind outlasted 11 other finalists, all but one of whom had been to the National Spelling Bee before, in nearly 2 ? hours of tense, grueling competition that was televised nationally. In one round, all nine participants spelled their words correctly.

When he was announced as the winner, Arvind looked upward at the confetti falling upon him and cracked his knuckles, his signature gesture during his bee appearances. He'll take home $30,000 in cash and prizes along with a huge cup-shaped trophy. The skinny teen, clad in a white polo shirt and wire-rimmed glasses pushed down his nose, was joined on stage at the Washington-area hall by his parents and his beaming younger brother.

An aspiring physicist who admires Albert Einstein, Arvind said he would spend more time studying physics this summer now that he's "retired" from the spelling bee.

Arvind becomes the sixth consecutive Indian-American winner and the 11th in the past 15 years, a run that began in 1999 when Nupur Lala captured the title in 1999 and was later featured in the documentary "Spellbound."

Arvind's family is originally from Hyderabad in southern India, and relatives who live there were watching live on television.

"At home, my dad used to chant Telegu poems from forward to backward and backward to forward, that kind of thing," said Arvind's father, Srinivas. "So language affinity, we value language a lot. And I love language, I love English."

Pranav Sivakumar, who like Arvind rarely appeared flustered onstage, finished second. The 13-year-old from Tower Lakes, Ill., was tripped up by "cyanophycean," a word for a blue-green alga. Sriram Hathwar, 13, of Painted Post, N.Y., finished third, and Amber Born, 14, of Marblehead, Mass., was fourth.

The field was whittled down from 42 semifinalists Thursday afternoon, with spellers advancing based on a formula that combined their scores from a computerized spelling and vocabulary test with their performance in two onstage rounds.

The vocabulary test was new. Some of the spellers liked it, some didn't, and many were in-between, praising the concept but wondering why it wasn't announced at the beginning of the school year instead of seven weeks before the national bee.

"It was kind of a different challenge," said Vismaya Kharkar, 14, of Bountiful, Utah, who finished tied for 5th place. "I've been focusing my studying on the spelling for years and years."

There were two multiple-choice vocabulary tests ? one in the preliminaries and one in the semifinals ? and they were administered in a quiet room away from the glare of the onstage parts of the bee. The finals were the same as always: no vocabulary, just spellers trying to avoid the doomsday bell.

There was a huge groan from the crowd when Arvind got his first German-derived word, "dehnstufe," an Indo-European long-grade vowel.

Milking the moment, he asked, "Can I have the language of origin?" before throwing his hands in the air with a wry smile.

"I had begun to be a little wary of German words, but this year I prepared German words and I studied them, so when I got German words this year, I wasn't worried," Arvind said.

He appeared to have more trouble with "galere," a word for a group of people having a marked common quality or relationship. He asked for the etymology twice ? French and old Catalan ? shifted his body back and forth and stroked his chin before getting it right with seconds to spare.

Amber, an aspiring comedy writer and crowd favorite, bowed out on "hallali," a huntsman's bugle call. She said, "I know, I know," when the clock told her time was running out, and she knew she had missed it, saying "That's not right" as she finished her effort.

The bee's growing popularity is reflected in an ESPN broadcast that gets more sophisticated each year. In the semifinals, Amber got to watch herself featured on a televised promo that also aired on the jumbo screen inside the auditorium.

She then approached the microphone and, referring to herself, deadpanned: "She seemed nice."

Vanya Shivashankar, at 11 the youngest of the finalists, fell short in her bid to become the first sibling of a previous winner to triumph. Her sister, Kavya, won in 2009. Vanya finished tied for 5th after misspelling "zenaida," which means a type of pigeon.

___

Follow Ben Nuckols on Twitter: http://twitter.com/APBenNuckols

Follow Joseph White on Twitter: http://twitter.com/JGWhiteAP

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/386c25518f464186bf7a2ac026580ce7/Article_2013-05-30-Spelling%20Bee/id-517b05af96e14d4cb5f605ffbb2a9f0e

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'Junk DNA' plays active role in cancer progression, researchers find

May 29, 2013 ? Scientists at The University of Nottingham have found that a genetic rogue element produced by sequences until recently considered 'junk DNA' could promote cancer progression.

The researchers, led by Dr Cristina Tufarelli, in the School of Graduate Entry Medicine and Health Sciences, discovered that the presence of this faulty genetic element -- known as chimeric transcript LCT13 -- is associated with the switching off of a known tumour suppressor gene (known as TFPI-2) whose expression is required to prevent cancer invasion and metastasis.

Their findings, published online this month in the journal Nucleic Acid Research, suggest that LCT13 may be involved in switching off TFPI-2.

This faulty genetic element was previously identified by Dr Tufarelli's team as part of a group of chimeric transcripts which are produced by DNA sequences frequently regarded as 'junk DNA' called LINE-1 (L1).

The work reported now expands on the previous observation as it indicates that in addition to acting as potential diagnostic tools these rogue elements can play an active role in cancer.

Dr Tufarelli said: "This study has identified a novel way in which 'junk DNA' can interfere with the normal functioning of a cell. The next step will be to understand how these elements become switched on. This information will be important in the design of treatments aimed to prevent activation of these elements and cancer progression."

The work was initiated through funding by Cancer Research UK, the Royal Society, MRC and Breakthrough Breast Cancer.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_health/~3/WEBzf3fn3A4/130529121023.htm

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Probiotics prevent diarrhea related to antibiotic use, review shows

May 30, 2013 ? Probiotic supplements have the potential to prevent diarrhea caused by antibiotics, according to a new Cochrane systematic review. The authors studied Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) infections in patients taking antibiotics and found symptoms of diarrhea were substantially reduced when patients were also treated with probiotics.

Antibiotics disturb the beneficial bacteria that live in the gut and allow other harmful bacteria like C. difficile to take hold. Although some people infected with C. difficile show no symptoms, others suffer diarrhea or colitis. The so-called "good bacteria" or yeast in probiotic foods and supplements may offer a safe, low-cost way to help prevent C. difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD). This finding is important because CDAD is expensive to treat.

CDAD cases were reported in 23 trials involving 4,213 adults and children. Probiotics taken in conjunction with antibiotics reduced the number of people who suffered diarrhea by 64%. Only 2% of participants who took probiotics had CDAD compared to nearly 6% of those who took placebo. In 26 trials reporting on adverse events, there were fewer adverse events in the group taking probiotics.

"In the short-term, taking probiotics in conjunction with antibiotics appears to be a safe and effective way of preventing diarrhea associated with Clostridium difficile infection," said lead researcher Bradley Johnston of The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute in Toronto, Canada. "The introduction of some probiotic regimens as adjuncts to antibiotics could have an immediate impact on patient outcomes, especially in outbreak settings. However, we still need to establish the probiotic strains and doses that provide the best results, and determine the safety of probiotics in immunocompromised patients."

Although taking probiotics in combination with antibiotics helped to prevent CDAD, it did not reduce the number of people who were infected with C. difficile. "We think it's possible that probiotics act to prevent the symptoms of C. difficile infection rather than to prevent the infection itself," said Johnston. "This possibility needs to be investigated further in future trials, which should help us to understand more about how probiotics work."

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Wiley, via AlphaGalileo.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Joshua Z Goldenberg, Stephanie SY Ma, Jane D Saxton, Mark R Martzen, Per O Vandvik, Kristian Thorlund, Gordon H Guyatt, Bradley C Johnston. Probiotics for the prevention of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in adults and children. Cochrane Review, 2013 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006095.pub3

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/UdDExaU8Nqc/130530192404.htm

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Thursday, May 30, 2013

Why animals compare the present with the past

May 30, 2013 ? Humans, like other animals, compare things. We care not only how well off we are, but whether we are better or worse off than others around us, or than we were last year. New research by scientists at the University of Bristol shows that such comparisons can give individuals an evolutionary advantage.

According to standard theory, the best response to current circumstances should be unaffected by what has happened in the past. But the Bristol study, published in the journal Science, shows that in a changing, unpredictable world it is important to be sensitive to past conditions.

The research team, led by Professor John McNamara in Bristol's School of Mathematics, built a mathematical model to understand how animals should behave when they are uncertain about the pattern of environmental change. They found that when animals are used to rich conditions but then conditions suddenly worsen, they should work less hard than animals exposed to poor conditions all along.

The predictions from the model closely match findings from classic laboratory experiments in the 1940s, in which rats were trained to run along a passage to gain food rewards. The rats ran more slowly for small amounts of food if they were used to getting large amounts of food, compared to control rats that were always rewarded with the smaller amount.

This so-called 'contrast effect' has also been reported in bees, starlings and a variety of mammals including newborn children, but until now it lacked a convincing explanation.

Dr Tim Fawcett, a research fellow in Bristol's School of Biological Sciences and a co-author on the study, said: "The effects in our model are driven by uncertainty. In changing environments, conditions experienced in the past can be a valuable indicator of how things will be in the future."

This, in turn, affects how animals should respond to their current situation. "An animal that is used to rich conditions thinks that the world is generally a good place," Dr Fawcett explained. "So when conditions suddenly turn bad, it interprets this as a temporary 'blip' and hunkers down, expecting that rich conditions will return soon. In contrast, an animal used to poor conditions expects those conditions to persist, and so cannot afford to rest."

The model also predicts the reverse effect, in which animals work harder for food when conditions suddenly improve, compared to animals experiencing rich conditions all along. This too has been found in laboratory experiments on a range of animals.

The Bristol study highlights unpredictable environmental fluctuations as an important evolutionary force. "Rapid changes favour individuals that are responsive and able to adjust their behaviour in the light of past experience," said Dr Fawcett. "The natural world is a dynamic and unpredictable place, but evolutionary models often neglect this. Our work suggests that models of more complex environments are important for understanding behaviour."

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_science/~3/aIWs62NcHWE/130530142003.htm

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Organic polymers show sunny potential

Organic polymers show sunny potential [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 29-May-2013
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: David Ruth
david@rice.edu
713-348-6327
Rice University

Rice, Penn State labs lay groundwork for block copolymer solar cells

A new version of solar cells created by laboratories at Rice and Pennsylvania State universities could open the door to research on a new class of solar energy devices.

The photovoltaic devices created in a project led by Rice chemical engineer Rafael Verduzco and Penn State chemical engineer Enrique Gomez are based on block copolymers, self-assembling organic materials that arrange themselves into distinct layers. They easily outperform other cells with polymer compounds as active elements.

The discovery is detailed online in the American Chemical Society journal Nano Letters.

While commercial, silicon-based solar cells turn about 20 percent of sunlight into electricity and experimental units top 25 percent, there's been an undercurrent of research into polymer-based cells that could greatly reduce the cost of solar energy, Verduzco said. The Rice/Penn State cells reach about 3 percent efficiency, but that's surprisingly better than other labs have achieved using polymer compounds.

"You need two components in a solar cell: one to carry (negative) electrons, the other to carry positive charges," Verduzco said. The imbalance between the two prompted by the input of energy sunlight creates useful current.

Since the mid-1980s, researchers have experimented with stacking or mixing polymer components with limited success, Verduzco said. Later polymer/fullerene mixtures topped 10 percent efficiency, but the fullerenes in this case, enhanced C-60 buckyballs are difficult to work with, he said.

The Rice lab discovered a block copolymer -- P3HT-b-PFTBT -- that separates into bands that are about 16 nanometers wide. More interesting to the researchers was the polymers' natural tendency to form bands perpendicular to the glass. The copolymer was created in the presence of a glass/indium tin oxide (ITO) top layer at a modest 165 degrees Celsius.

With a layer of aluminum on the other side of the device constructed by the Penn State team, the polymer bands stretched from the top to bottom electrodes and provided a clear path for electrons to flow.

"On paper, block copolymers are excellent candidates for organic solar cells, but no one has been able to get very good photovoltaic performance using block copolymers," Verduzco said. "We didn't give up on the idea of block copolymers because there's really only been a handful of these types of solar cells previously tested. We thought getting good performance using block copolymers was possible if we designed the right materials and fabricated the solar cells under the right conditions."

Mysteries remain, he said. "It's not clear why the copolymer organizes itself perpendicular to the electrodes," he said. "Our hypothesis is that both polymers want to be in contact with the ITO-coated glass. We think that forces this orientation, though we haven't proven it yet."

He said the researchers want to experiment with other block copolymers and learn to control their structures to increase the solar cell's ability to capture photons and turn them into electricity. Once they have achieved higher performance from the cells, the team will look at long-term use.

"We'll focus on performance first, because if we can't get it high enough, there's no reason to address some of the other challenges like stability," Verduzco said. Encapsulating a solar cell to keep air and water from degrading it is easy, he said, but protecting it from ultraviolet degradation over time is hard. "You have to expose it to sunlight. That you can't avoid."

###

Co-authors of the paper are Rice graduate students Yen-Hao Lin and Kendall Smith; Penn State graduate student Changhe Guo and undergraduate Matthew Witman; Argonne National Laboratory researcher Joseph Strzalka; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory postdoctoral researcher Cheng Wang and staff scientist Alexander Hexemer; and Enrique Gomez, an assistant professor in the Penn State Department of Chemical Engineering. Verduzco is an assistant professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering.

The National Science Foundation, the Department of Energy, the Welch Foundation, the Shell Center for Sustainability and the Louis and Peaches Owen Family Foundation supported the research.

Read the abstract at http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/nl401420s

Follow Rice News and Media Relations via Twitter @RiceUNews

Related Materials:

Verduzco Laboratory: http://verduzcolab.blogs.rice.edu

Best research-cell efficiency chart: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/PVeff%28rev130521%29.jpg

Image for download:

http://news.rice.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/0528_VERDUZCO-2-web.jpg

Researchers at Rice and Pennsylvania State universities have created solar cells based on block copolymers, self-assembling organic materials that arrange themselves into distinct layers. (Credit: Verduzco Laboratory/Rice University)

Located on a 300-acre forested campus in Houston, Rice University is consistently ranked among the nation's top 20 universities by U.S. News & World Report. Rice has highly respected schools of Architecture, Business, Continuing Studies, Engineering, Humanities, Music, Natural Sciences and Social Sciences and is home to the Baker Institute for Public Policy. With 3,708 undergraduates and 2,374 graduate students, Rice's undergraduate student-to-faculty ratio is 6-to-1. Its residential college system builds close-knit communities and lifelong friendships, just one reason why Rice has been ranked No. 1 for best quality of life multiple times by the Princeton Review and No. 2 for "best value" among private universities by Kiplinger's Personal Finance. To read "What they're saying about Rice," go to http://tinyurl.com/AboutRiceU.


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?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Organic polymers show sunny potential [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 29-May-2013
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: David Ruth
david@rice.edu
713-348-6327
Rice University

Rice, Penn State labs lay groundwork for block copolymer solar cells

A new version of solar cells created by laboratories at Rice and Pennsylvania State universities could open the door to research on a new class of solar energy devices.

The photovoltaic devices created in a project led by Rice chemical engineer Rafael Verduzco and Penn State chemical engineer Enrique Gomez are based on block copolymers, self-assembling organic materials that arrange themselves into distinct layers. They easily outperform other cells with polymer compounds as active elements.

The discovery is detailed online in the American Chemical Society journal Nano Letters.

While commercial, silicon-based solar cells turn about 20 percent of sunlight into electricity and experimental units top 25 percent, there's been an undercurrent of research into polymer-based cells that could greatly reduce the cost of solar energy, Verduzco said. The Rice/Penn State cells reach about 3 percent efficiency, but that's surprisingly better than other labs have achieved using polymer compounds.

"You need two components in a solar cell: one to carry (negative) electrons, the other to carry positive charges," Verduzco said. The imbalance between the two prompted by the input of energy sunlight creates useful current.

Since the mid-1980s, researchers have experimented with stacking or mixing polymer components with limited success, Verduzco said. Later polymer/fullerene mixtures topped 10 percent efficiency, but the fullerenes in this case, enhanced C-60 buckyballs are difficult to work with, he said.

The Rice lab discovered a block copolymer -- P3HT-b-PFTBT -- that separates into bands that are about 16 nanometers wide. More interesting to the researchers was the polymers' natural tendency to form bands perpendicular to the glass. The copolymer was created in the presence of a glass/indium tin oxide (ITO) top layer at a modest 165 degrees Celsius.

With a layer of aluminum on the other side of the device constructed by the Penn State team, the polymer bands stretched from the top to bottom electrodes and provided a clear path for electrons to flow.

"On paper, block copolymers are excellent candidates for organic solar cells, but no one has been able to get very good photovoltaic performance using block copolymers," Verduzco said. "We didn't give up on the idea of block copolymers because there's really only been a handful of these types of solar cells previously tested. We thought getting good performance using block copolymers was possible if we designed the right materials and fabricated the solar cells under the right conditions."

Mysteries remain, he said. "It's not clear why the copolymer organizes itself perpendicular to the electrodes," he said. "Our hypothesis is that both polymers want to be in contact with the ITO-coated glass. We think that forces this orientation, though we haven't proven it yet."

He said the researchers want to experiment with other block copolymers and learn to control their structures to increase the solar cell's ability to capture photons and turn them into electricity. Once they have achieved higher performance from the cells, the team will look at long-term use.

"We'll focus on performance first, because if we can't get it high enough, there's no reason to address some of the other challenges like stability," Verduzco said. Encapsulating a solar cell to keep air and water from degrading it is easy, he said, but protecting it from ultraviolet degradation over time is hard. "You have to expose it to sunlight. That you can't avoid."

###

Co-authors of the paper are Rice graduate students Yen-Hao Lin and Kendall Smith; Penn State graduate student Changhe Guo and undergraduate Matthew Witman; Argonne National Laboratory researcher Joseph Strzalka; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory postdoctoral researcher Cheng Wang and staff scientist Alexander Hexemer; and Enrique Gomez, an assistant professor in the Penn State Department of Chemical Engineering. Verduzco is an assistant professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering.

The National Science Foundation, the Department of Energy, the Welch Foundation, the Shell Center for Sustainability and the Louis and Peaches Owen Family Foundation supported the research.

Read the abstract at http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/nl401420s

Follow Rice News and Media Relations via Twitter @RiceUNews

Related Materials:

Verduzco Laboratory: http://verduzcolab.blogs.rice.edu

Best research-cell efficiency chart: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/PVeff%28rev130521%29.jpg

Image for download:

http://news.rice.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/0528_VERDUZCO-2-web.jpg

Researchers at Rice and Pennsylvania State universities have created solar cells based on block copolymers, self-assembling organic materials that arrange themselves into distinct layers. (Credit: Verduzco Laboratory/Rice University)

Located on a 300-acre forested campus in Houston, Rice University is consistently ranked among the nation's top 20 universities by U.S. News & World Report. Rice has highly respected schools of Architecture, Business, Continuing Studies, Engineering, Humanities, Music, Natural Sciences and Social Sciences and is home to the Baker Institute for Public Policy. With 3,708 undergraduates and 2,374 graduate students, Rice's undergraduate student-to-faculty ratio is 6-to-1. Its residential college system builds close-knit communities and lifelong friendships, just one reason why Rice has been ranked No. 1 for best quality of life multiple times by the Princeton Review and No. 2 for "best value" among private universities by Kiplinger's Personal Finance. To read "What they're saying about Rice," go to http://tinyurl.com/AboutRiceU.


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-05/ru-ops052913.php

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Threatening letters sent to New York mayor may contain ricin: police

By Edith Honan and Chris Francescani

NEW YORK (Reuters) - Two anonymous letters addressed to New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg and his gun control group contained material believed to be the potentially deadly poison ricin, and referenced the debate on gun laws, police said on Wednesday.

The New York Police Department said initial tests on the two letters, opened in New York on Friday and in Washington, D.C., on Sunday, indicated the presence of ricin.

"In both letters the content was identical," police spokesman Paul Browne said, adding that the packages contained "an oily substance" that was a pink or orange hue. "One letter was addressed to the mayor personally."

Emergency workers who came in contact with the letters initially showed minor symptoms of ricin exposure, police said. Those symptoms have since abated. Civilian personnel in New York and Washington who came in contact with the opened letters showed no symptoms of ricin exposure.

The Washington letter was opened by Mark Glaze, the director of Mayors Against Illegal Guns, a group founded by Bloomberg that lobbies for stricter gun laws. The other letter was opened at a mail facility in Manhattan.

Both contained threats against Bloomberg and mentioned the gun debate, police said in a statement.

Bloomberg said he did not feel either threatened or angry by the letters and that they would not affect his work on gun control.

"In terms of why they've done it, I don't know. The letter ... obviously referred to our anti-gun efforts, but there's 12,000 people that are going to get killed this year with guns and 19,000 that are going to commit suicide with guns, and we're not going to walk away from those efforts," he said in remarks released by his press office.

Mayors Against Illegal Guns was founded in 2006, but the group's profile has been raised since the December 14 shooting at an elementary school in Newtown, Connecticut, that killed 20 children and six adults.

After that shooting, the group campaigned for bills that would expand the use of background checks for gun purchases and ban assault weapons, though both of those efforts were unsuccessful.

The discovery of the letters comes just weeks after ricin-tainted letters were mailed to President Barack Obama and other government officials. James Everett Dutschke, 41, a martial arts instructor, was arrested in Tupelo, Mississippi, on April 27 on suspicion of mailing those letters.

Browne said previous letters sent to the mayor have tested positive for anthrax, though in most cases letters "with threats implying it was anthrax or ricin" contained only baking soda.

The FBI Joint Terrorism Task Force and the NYPD Intelligence Division were investigating the incident.

Ricin is a lethal poison found naturally in castor beans, but it takes a deliberate act to convert it into a biological weapon. Ricin can cause death within 36 to 72 hours from exposure to an amount as small as a pinhead. No known antidote exists.

(Reporting by Edith Honan and Chris Francescani; Editing by Scott Malone, Paul Thomasch and Eric Beech)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/threatening-letters-sent-n-y-mayor-may-contain-000004136.html

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TSX steady as stimulus optimism offset by RBC dip

There?s a lot to like about Samsung?s flagship Galaxy S4 smartphone; it?s the fastest-selling Android phone ever for plenty of great reasons. As awesome as the phone is though, there are some things about it that are absolutely maddening. For me, Samsung?s keyboard might be my biggest qualm where core functionality is concerned, namely because it doesn?t support an auto-correct function. Luckily for users like me who can?t survive without auto-correct, there?s an easy (and free) way to fix this huge omission. As terrible as some auto-correct implementations are ? I?m looking at you, Apple ? living without this crucial feature is far worse. Instead of auto-correct, Samsung?s keyboard tries to predict the words users type in a field above

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/tsx-set-open-higher-central-bank-hopes-support-131548184.html

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Injured on Job As a Temporary Worker in Louisiana

Quote Quoting Temporaryworker View Post

I have injured myself on the job. I work for a temporary employment agency. They told me they will pay for medical coverage but not wages for worked missed. Is this correct? I have been working at this job for over six months now. Please help.

Source: http://www.workerscompensationinsurance.com/forum/showthread.php?49855-Injured-on-Job-As-a-Temporary-Worker-in-Louisiana

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Delays between London St Pancras and Luton

Download map of route afected

London St Pancras, West Hampstead, Luton, Bedford, Wellingborough, Kettering, Leicester, Loughborough, Beeston and Nottingham also?London Bridge, London Blackfriars ?London St Pancras, West Hampstead Thameslink, St Albans, Luton Airport Parkway and Bedford?

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Source: http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/service_disruptions/51963.aspx

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Tuesday, May 28, 2013

Sales of camp sites throw Girl Scouts into turmoil

This Tuesday, May 14, 2013 photo shows a fire pit and cabins at the Camp Conestoga Girls Scouts camp, in New Liberty, Iowa. In an effort to save money, Girl Scout councils across the country are making proposals that would have been unthinkable a generation ago: selling summer camps that date back to the 1950s. (AP Photo/Charlie Neibergall)

This Tuesday, May 14, 2013 photo shows a fire pit and cabins at the Camp Conestoga Girls Scouts camp, in New Liberty, Iowa. In an effort to save money, Girl Scout councils across the country are making proposals that would have been unthinkable a generation ago: selling summer camps that date back to the 1950s. (AP Photo/Charlie Neibergall)

In this Tuesday, May 14, 2013 photo, Joni Kinsey, of Iowa City, Iowa, shows some of her Girl Scouts memorabilia to two girls in her troop in Iowa City, Iowa. In an effort to save money, Girl Scout councils across the country are making proposals that would have been unthinkable a generation ago: selling summer camps that date back to the 1950s. (AP Photo/Charlie Neibergall)

This Tuesday, May 14, 2013 photo shows the Swift Activity Center at the Camp Conestoga Girls Scouts camp in New Liberty, Iowa. In an effort to save money, Girl Scout councils across the country are making proposals that would have been unthinkable a generation ago: selling summer camps that date back to the 1950s. (AP Photo/Charlie Neibergall)

This Tuesday, May 14, 2013 photo shows pins on the childhood Girl Scouts sash of Joni Kinsey, in Iowa City, Iowa. In an effort to save money, Girl Scout councils across the country are making proposals that would have been unthinkable a generation ago: selling summer camps that date back to the 1950s. (AP Photo/Charlie Neibergall)

In this Tuesday, May 14, 2013, photo, horses stand in a holding area at the Camp Conestoga Girls Scouts camp, in New Liberty, Iowa. In an effort to save money, Girl Scout councils across the country are making proposals that would have been unthinkable a generation ago: selling summer camps that date back to the 1950s. (AP Photo/Charlie Neibergall)

IOWA CITY, Iowa (AP) ? When it came time to draw up a budget, one of Iowa's regional Girl Scout councils reviewed its programs and made a proposal that would have been unthinkable a generation ago: selling its last four summer camps.

Troop leader Joni Kinsey was stunned. For decades, the camps had been cherished places where thousands of young girls spent summer breaks hiking, huddling around campfires and building friendships. Kinsey, whose daughter learns to train horses at camp, immediately started a petition to fight the idea.

Other scouting alums and volunteers have taken up the cause, too, packing public meetings, sending letters to newspapers and recording a protest song for YouTube. When those efforts failed, they filed a lawsuit.

Nationwide, Girl Scout councils are confronting intense opposition as they sell camps that date back to the 1950s and earlier. Leaders say the properties have become a financial drain at a time when girls are less interested in camp. Defenders insist the camping experience shaped who they are and must be preserved for future generations.

"Those camps still belong to us, not just literally as members of the organization, but as people who feel like, 'That's part of my home life,'" Kinsey said. "When camps get closed, it's devastating. I mean, heartbreaking. We adults can cry over it and do."

Pro-camp activists have boycotted cookie drives, held overnight camp-ins outside council offices, filed legal actions and tried to elect sympathetic volunteers to governing boards.

The other side has responded with its own aggressive tactics. At public meetings, some Girl Scout councils have hired facilitators to tightly manage the agenda and security guards to watch over protesters. Others have used parliamentary tactics to call protesters out of order.

Both sides insist they want what's right for the girls, but compromise is hard to find.

In Ohio, police were present to keep protesters off council property during a ceremony last year to mark the closing of Camp Crowell/Hilaka. Opponents have raised $80,000 to pursue a lawsuit, so far unsuccessful, seeking to keep it and others open.

"Democracy has been completely squelched," said volunteer Lynn Richardson of Bedford, Ohio, who recalled how police were at their campouts on the council lawn and parliamentarians have called her out of order. "They will hide behind rules and regulations, but they are shutting us down."

Because of declining camp attendance and increasing maintenance costs, the Girl Scouts of Eastern Iowa and Western Illinois was losing hundreds of thousands of dollars subsidizing its camps. But the group backed down from its proposal in March, one day before its board was to vote on the closings.

The board agreed to keep the camps open for now and to turn Camp Conestoga into a modern residential camp. But the council still plans to eventually sell unused parts of three other sites.

Diane Nelson, CEO of the 20,000-member organization, said the decision to keep the camps came after an outpouring from volunteers who promised to promote and manage them at a lower cost. But she blasted "a small group of individuals" for "taking the negative approach."

Nelson acknowledged hiring facilitators to ensure that meetings weren't dominated by a few individuals and bringing in security guards as a safety precaution because of fears of rowdy protests, which didn't materialize.

"It's not that we were afraid of any of our volunteers. We didn't know who was going to come," she said.

The Girl Scouts, which began a century ago, established hundreds of camps nationwide as the organization expanded. But in recent decades, the group has consolidated its local councils. That process accelerated dramatically under a plan that cut them from 330 to 112 by 2009.

The restructuring left groups with additional properties to manage, many featuring old cabins and dining halls that need upgrades.

Gregory Copeland of Domokur Architects in Akron, Ohio, a consultant to local councils, said by 2020, the number of Girl Scout-owned camps could easily be cut in half. He said the newly merged groups have a glut of properties they cannot afford to maintain, let alone fill with programming.

"While it's a hugely emotional issue, there's just realistically no way they can end up sustaining that amount of land," he said. "The emotional ties have nothing to do with logic or dollars or anything else. People just don't want to lose what they feel is theirs."

Scouts from the younger generation are accustomed to technology and comfort and have more summer activities to choose from. Girl Scouts USA estimates that only 10 percent typically attend a residential summer camp every year, while 25 percent will spend a weekend camping with their troop.

The national group does not keep data on the proposals, but says a "considerable number" of councils have opted to sell one or more sites, said Mark Allsup, a property consultant for the organization. He said some councils have handled sales smoothly by keeping members informed during reviews so that final decisions aren't a surprise and are backed up with data.

Some decisions "are being made soundly, and we are very supportive of them," he said. "And, like with anybody else, we have good students and C students."

Critics say any sales undermine a key Girl Scouts tradition. They have a saying: "I am who I am today because of camp."

Kinsey, a University of Iowa art history professor, credits her experience with giving her a love of landscape painting and friendships that include an English woman who named a child after her. She said the Girl Scouts have become too focused on money, and she was outraged by the security presence at one meeting.

"We just keep shaking our heads, 'This is just not Girl Scouts'," Kinsey said at her Iowa City home, where she keeps her old Scout memorabilia. "I've started saying there's been a corporate takeover of Girl Scouting and that Girl Scouts are losing their way."

In New York, an alumni group is suing to block the sale of Eagle Island Camp, originally built for former Vice President Levi Morton in 1902. Girl Scouts Heart of New Jersey advertised the 31-acre property for sale in 2011 and recently lowered the asking price to $3.25 million.

Last month, a judge ordered an Alabama council to turn over documents to critics fighting its plan to sell 88-year-old Camp Coleman.

The council had initially demanded that the group pay $22,000 for staff time and copy charges, but the judge called that excessive. Opponents recently succeeded in electing 11 members to the 29-member council, and now hope to keep it open.

Jim Franklin of Birmingham got involved after his 8-year-old granddaughter, who rides horses there, came to him in tears.

"Everybody, including me, started out saying this is just about our camp. It's not," he said. "I've talked to folks in Ohio and Iowa and Michigan and New York, and all of a sudden everybody has realized, 'Wait a minute, we've got a national problem here.'"

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/386c25518f464186bf7a2ac026580ce7/Article_2013-05-27-Girl%20Scouts-Camp%20Sales/id-59e661ee64ae42c283aa013e7aaefa03

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Emerging corporate debt: still booming | Global Investing - Reuters

The corporate bond juggernaut continues apace in emerging markets.

In a note at the end of last week, analysts at Bank of America/Merrill Lynch estimated that companies from the developing world have sold debt worth $179 billion already this year. Originally, the bank had forecast $268 billion in corporate debt issuance in 2013, a touch below last year?s $290 billion but it is finding itself, like many others, marking up its estimates.

Oleg Melentyev,? credit strategist at BofA/Merrill, writes that recent bumper bond sales imply quarterly issuance is running at 10-11 percent of market size, well above the past average. Melentyev points out that the first 4.5 months of the year tend to account for 35 percent of full-year total debt sales by EM companies.? If this formula were applied now,? it would imply total 2013 new debt issuance at $420 billion.

For now, however, the bank expects $316 billion in full year corporate issuance from EM, with Asia accounting for $126 billion of this.

Clearly, all this doesn?t come without risk. While the drying-up of syndicated loan markets is at least partly responsible for the corporate bond boom, there is no denying that companies are raising more and more money in a market that is only too willing to lend.? That has pushed the? sector past the $1 trillion mark, making it bigger than the U.S. high-yield debt market. Just since the beginning of 2012, the stock of EM corporate hard currency bonds has increased by over $400 billion, JPMorgan said in a note published last week.

What of investors? returns? The picture is not as rosy as in past years. Higher yield assumptions on U.S. Treasuries could reduce potential returns this year by 1.0-1.5 percentage points, JPM analysts warn. Year-to-date,? investment grade emerging corporate debt has returned just 1 percent while high-yield has provided 3 percent, BofA/ML said.? That?s well below the 4.1 percent return Thomson Reuters data shows on global high-yield debt.

But things could yet pick up. JPM recommends staying overweight its CEMBI corporate debt index, reckoning the sector?s relatively high yields will provide some insulation against Treasury upheavals. Melentyev of BofA/Merrill expects 3.7 percent returns on EM corporate debt this year. But speculative-grade EM credits, he reckons, will be returning a healthy 7.8 percent.

Source: http://blogs.reuters.com/globalinvesting/2013/05/28/emerging-corporate-debt-still-booming/

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Radwanska wins opening match at French Open

Poland's Agnieszka Radwanska returns against Israel's Shahar Peer in their first round match of the French Open tennis tournament, at Roland Garros stadium in Paris, Monday, May 27, 2013. (AP Photo/Michel Spingler)

Poland's Agnieszka Radwanska returns against Israel's Shahar Peer in their first round match of the French Open tennis tournament, at Roland Garros stadium in Paris, Monday, May 27, 2013. (AP Photo/Michel Spingler)

(AP) ? Agnieszka Radwanska needed only 57 minutes to win her opening match Monday at the French Open, beating Shahar Peer 6-1, 6-1.

The No. 4-seeded Radwanska, last year's Wimbledon runner-up, played for the first time since withdrawing before last week's Brussels tournament with a right shoulder injury.

Playing in sunny, mild weather on Court Suzanne Lenglen, Radwanska committed only eight unforced errors.

Radwanska has won two tournament titles this year but is just 2-2 on clay this spring. She has never advanced beyond the fourth round at Roland Garros.

Her sister, Urszula, beat 30th-seeded Venus Williams in the final match Sunday, 7-6 (5), 6-7 (4), 6-4

No. 15 Roberta Vinci won in less than an hour Monday morning, beating Stephanie Foretz Gacon 6-3, 6-0.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/347875155d53465d95cec892aeb06419/Article_2013-05-27-TEN-French-Open/id-8c6c6679c7f94802bd87ad245deb53ca

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Heat Rout Pacers 114-96: LeBron James, Dwyane Wade Lead Miami To Game 3 Win, 2-1 Series Lead (VIDEO)

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    INDIANAPOLIS, IN - MAY 26: Dwyane Wade #3 of the Miami Heat goes up between Roy Hibbert #55 and Paul George #24 of the Indiana Pacers during Game Three of the Eastern Conference Finals at Bankers Life Fieldhouse on May 26, 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and or using this photograph, user is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. (Photo by Andy Lyons/Getty Images)

  • Miami Heat v Indiana Pacers - Game Three

    INDIANAPOLIS, IN - MAY 26: LeBron James #6 of the Miami Heat reacts against the Indiana Pacers during Game Three of the Eastern Conference Finals at Bankers Life Fieldhouse on May 26, 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and or using this photograph, user is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. (Photo by Andy Lyons/Getty Images)

  • Miami Heat v Indiana Pacers - Game Three

    INDIANAPOLIS, IN - MAY 26: LeBron James #6 of the Miami Heat reacts against the Indiana Pacers during Game Three of the Eastern Conference Finals at Bankers Life Fieldhouse on May 26, 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and or using this photograph, user is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. (Photo by Andy Lyons/Getty Images)

  • Miami Heat v Indiana Pacers - Game Three

    INDIANAPOLIS, IN - MAY 26: Roy Hibbert #55 of the Indiana Pacers looks to shoot against the defense of Udonis Haslem #40 and Dwyane Wade #3 of the Miami Heat during Game Three of the Eastern Conference Finals at Bankers Life Fieldhouse on May 26, 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and or using this photograph, user is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. (Photo by Gregory Shamus/Getty Images)

  • Miami Heat v Indiana Pacers - Game Three

    INDIANAPOLIS, IN - MAY 26: LeBron James #6 of the Miami Heat shoots over Lance Stephenson #1 of the Indiana Pacers during Game Three of the Eastern Conference Finals at Bankers Life Fieldhouse on May 26, 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and or using this photograph, user is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. (Photo by Gregory Shamus/Getty Images)

  • Miami Heat v Indiana Pacers - Game Three

    INDIANAPOLIS, IN - MAY 26: George Hill #3 of the Indiana Pacers shoots against Udonis Haslem #40 of the Miami Heat during Game Three of the Eastern Conference Finals at Bankers Life Fieldhouse on May 26, 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and or using this photograph, user is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. (Photo by Gregory Shamus/Getty Images)

  • Miami Heat v Indiana Pacers - Game Three

    INDIANAPOLIS, IN - MAY 26: David West #21 of the Indiana Pacers shoots against the Miami Heat during Game Three of the Eastern Conference Finals at Bankers Life Fieldhouse on May 26, 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and or using this photograph, user is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. (Photo by Gregory Shamus/Getty Images)

  • Miami Heat v Indiana Pacers - Game Three

    INDIANAPOLIS, IN - MAY 26: LeBron James #6 of the Miami Heat shoots against the Indiana Pacers during Game Three of the Eastern Conference Finals at Bankers Life Fieldhouse on May 26, 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and or using this photograph, user is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. (Photo by Gregory Shamus/Getty Images)

  • Miami Heat v Indiana Pacers - Game Three

    INDIANAPOLIS, IN - MAY 26: LeBron James #6 of the Miami Heat reacts against the Indiana Pacers during Game Three of the Eastern Conference Finals at Bankers Life Fieldhouse on May 26, 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and or using this photograph, user is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. (Photo by Andy Lyons/Getty Images)

  • Miami Heat v Indiana Pacers - Game Three

    INDIANAPOLIS, IN - MAY 26: Head coach Erik Spoelstra of the Miami Heat reacts during Game Three of the Eastern Conference Finals against the Indiana Pacers at Bankers Life Fieldhouse on May 26, 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and or using this photograph, user is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. (Photo by Andy Lyons/Getty Images)

  • Miami Heat v Indiana Pacers - Game Three

    INDIANAPOLIS, IN - MAY 26: Head coach Erik Spoelstra of the Miami Heat reacts during Game Three of the Eastern Conference Finals against the Indiana Pacers at Bankers Life Fieldhouse on May 26, 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and or using this photograph, user is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. (Photo by Andy Lyons/Getty Images)

  • Miami Heat v Indiana Pacers - Game Three

    INDIANAPOLIS, IN - MAY 26: Roy Hibbert #55 of the Indiana Pacers celebrates after scoring against the Miami Heat during Game Three of the Eastern Conference Finals at Bankers Life Fieldhouse on May 26, 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and or using this photograph, user is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. (Photo by Andy Lyons/Getty Images)

  • Miami Heat v Indiana Pacers - Game Three

    INDIANAPOLIS, IN - MAY 26: Chris Andersen #11 of the Miami Heat reacts against the Indiana Pacers during Game Three of the Eastern Conference Finals at Bankers Life Fieldhouse on May 26, 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and or using this photograph, user is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. (Photo by Andy Lyons/Getty Images)

  • Miami Heat v Indiana Pacers - Game Three

    INDIANAPOLIS, IN - MAY 26: Paul George #24 of the Indiana Pacers goes up against Joel Anthony #50 of the Miami Heat during Game Three of the Eastern Conference Finals at Bankers Life Fieldhouse on May 26, 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and or using this photograph, user is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. (Photo by Gregory Shamus/Getty Images)

  • Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/05/26/heat-pacers-nba-playoffs-game-3_n_3340954.html

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